Optimal Decisions of Electric Vehicle Closed-Loop Supply Chain under Government Subsidy and Varied Consumers’ Green Awareness

The emerging operating mode of new automobile forces in the context China brings up problems for development EV CLSC, which are market position shift inside loop and government policy consumer awareness changes outside it. Aiming at promoting this study integrates influence internal external factors, analyzes their joint impact on performance explores optimal CLSC structure. Specifically, develops five game theory models considering different structures consumers’ green under subsidy varied channel leaderships. Combining theoretical analysis with numerical simulation, reveals indicates decisions players. result suggests that an manufacturer should develop by itself elimination double marginalization. When a third-party player is incorporated, undertake collection effort to optimize benefit both player, especially increasing consumers. And lift each player’s power would always be wise choice other. For has goals industry end-of-life treatment obsolete EVs, series trade-offs including structure leadership considered prudently. This contributes comprehensive understanding will CLSC.